BacteriologyEffect of antibiotics on endotoxin release from gram-negative bacteria
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Antimicrobial, antifungal and antioxidant activity from the mucus cocoon of the Parrotfish (Genus Scarus: Laboridei: Scaridae)
2023, Regional Studies in Marine ScienceIntelligent sterilizable self-cleaning membranes triggered by sustainable counterion-induced bacteria killing/releasing procedure
2022, Chemical Engineering JournalCitation Excerpt :Therefore, during long-term operation, when the membrane surface is continuously immersed in the bacterial liquid phase, as long as a small number of bacteria adhere to it, a biofilm may be formed, resulting in a decrease in antifouling function and stability; Antifouling membrane surface with reversible bacteria-killing function: the self-cleaning mechanism of the second type is to destroy the cell wall of the bacteria through the interface of the bactericidal layer formed by the positively charged substance so that the bacteria lose their active function and releasing [32,33]. The ruptured bacteria may release cytoplasm and pathogenic endotoxins, leading to subsequent bacterial growth and infection problems [34–36]. The current drawback of disposable self-cleaning membrane systems is regenerating the membrane surface while providing reusable cleaning procedures.
Response of growth performance, serum metabolites, intestinal tight junction structure and bacterial microbiomes to the long-term intervention of aflatoxin B<inf>1</inf> in Lateolabrax maculatus diets
2022, Aquaculture ReportsCitation Excerpt :The Enterobacter is part of gram-negative bacteria in the intestinal tract which can cause opportunistic infections and intestinal inflammation (Lawley and Walker, 2012). Moreover, increased abundance of Enterobacter responded to the increased serum concentration of LPS as dietary AFB1 increasing in this study, because LPS are endotoxins found in the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria (Eng et al., 1993). The increased gram-negative bacteria Enterobacter in the intestine are able to increase the amount of LPS, resulting in the intestinal inflammation and causing intestinal injury by destroying the intestinal tight junction structure of Lateolabrax maculatus.
The influence of the commensal microbiota on distal tumor-promoting inflammation
2017, Seminars in ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :In the context of wound healing, pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic functions of acute LPS exposure are considered beneficial, but chronic LPS-mediated inflammation could be detrimental during tumorigenesis and metastasis. Importantly, though gram negative bacteria shed LPS as a normal part of cell division, antibiotics further promote LPS shedding through their bactericidal effects [99,100], suggesting that during dysbiosis, LPS levels may be elevated in the periphery. In addition to promoting proinflammatory cytokine production, LPS also drives myeloid cells to produce ROS [101,102].
Stigmurin and TsAP-2 from Tityus stigmurus scorpion venom: Assessment of structure and therapeutic potential in experimental sepsis
2016, ToxiconCitation Excerpt :The control of the infection focus is an important therapeutic measure used for treating sepsis. Some studies, however, have shown that treatment with conventional antibiotics may release bacterial components that contribute to the induction of inflammatory mediators, worsening symptoms of septic patients (Dellinger et al., 2013; Eng et al., 1993; Holzheimer, 2001). The rapid development of antibiotic resistance by pathogens, combined to a reduced rate of new drugs development, has become a serious public health problem worldwide (Spellberg et al., 2004; Tenover, 2006; Williams and Bax, 2009).
Protective effects of intravenous immunoglobulin and antimicrobial agents on acute pneumonia in leukopenic mice
2016, Journal of Infection and ChemotherapyCitation Excerpt :The type and dose of antimicrobial agent, and whether filament or spheroplast formation predominates, can all affect the quantity of released endotoxin [37]. Some antibiotics (e.g., penicillins, ceftazidime, and monobactams) have the propensity to provoke septic shock because they induce bacterial filament formation and its associated high endotoxin release, while some antimicrobials provoke the rapid bactericidal activity that induces mainly spheroplast or fragile spheroplast-like bacterial forms [38–41]. In this study, prophylactic administration of colistin significantly improved all the study parameters (i.e., mortality, hypothermia, lung edema, bacteremia, cytokinemia, and lung histology) in leukopenic mice infected with a lethal dose of cytotoxic P. aeruginosa.