Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease
Volume 45, Issue 1 , Pages 63-67 , January 2003

Molecular characterization of fluoroquinolone resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates obtained from across Canada

  • George G. Zhanel

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
    • Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
    • Clinical Microbiology Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.:+(204) 787-4902; fax: +(204) 787-4699.
    • ,
  • Andrew Walkty

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
    • ,
  • Kim Nichol

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
    • Clinical Microbiology Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
    • ,
  • Heather Smith

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
    • ,
  • Ayman Noreddin

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
    • ,
  • Daryl J. Hoban

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
    • Clinical Microbiology Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Received 17 July 2002 ,Accepted 9 September 2002.

References 

  1. Bast DJ, Low DE, Duncan CL, Kilburn L, Mandell LA, Davidson RJ, et al. Fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Contributions of type II topoisomerase mutations and efflux to levels of resistance). Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000;44:3049–3054
  2. Beyer R, Pestova E, Millichap JJ, Stosor V, Noskin GA, Peterson LR. A convenient assay for estimating the possible involvement of efflux of fluoroquinolones by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus (Evidence for diminished moxifloxacin, sparfloxacin, and trovafloxacin efflux). Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000;44:798–801
  3. Broskey J, Coleman K, Gwynn MN, McCloskey L, Traini C, Voelker L, et al. Efflux and target mutations as quinolone resistance mechanisms in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2000;45(Suppl 1):95–99
  4. Chen DK, McGeer A, DeAzavedo JC, Low DE. Decreased susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae to fluoroquinolones in Canada. New Engl J Med. 1999;341:233–239
  5. McEllistrem MC, Stout JE, Harrison LH. Simplified protocol for pulsed- field gel electrophoresis analysis of Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Clin Microbiol. 2000;38:351–353

    .

  6. Morrissey I, George J. Activities of fluoroquinolones against Streptococcus pneumoniae type II topoisomerases purified as recombinant proteins. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999;43:2579–2585
  7. Nagai K, Davies TA, Pankuch GA, Dewasse BE, Jacobs MR, Appelbaum PC. In vitro selection of resistance to clinafloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and trovafloxacin in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000;44:2740–2746
  8. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically, 4th ed. Approved standard M7-A4. Wayne, PA: National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards; 1997;
  9. Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T. Molecular cloning (A laboratory manual). 2nd ed. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; 1989;
  10. Zhanel GG, Walkty A, Vercaigne L, Karlowsky JA, Embil J, Gin AS, et al. The new fluoroquinolones (A critical review). Can J Infect Dis. 1999;10:207–238
  11. Zhanel GG, Karlowsky JA, Palatnick L, Vercaigne L, Low DE  The Canadian Respiratory Infection Study Group, & Hoban D. J. Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in respiratory tract isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Results of a Canadian national surveillance study). Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999;43:2504–2509
  12. Zhanel GG, Ennis K, Vercaigne L, Walkty A, Gin AS, Embil J, et al. The new fluoroquinolones (Focus on respiratory infections). Drugs. 2002;62:13–59

PII: S0732-8893(02)00498-4

doi: 10.1016/S0732-8893(02)00498-4

Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease
Volume 45, Issue 1 , Pages 63-67 , January 2003

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